317 lines
16 KiB
Swift
317 lines
16 KiB
Swift
import Foundation
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var failures = 0
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func check(_ name: String, _ condition: Bool, _ detail: String = "") {
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if condition { print(" ok \(name)") }
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else { failures += 1; print(" FAIL \(name) \(detail)") }
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}
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func checkEqual<T: Equatable>(_ name: String, _ actual: T?, _ expected: T?) {
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check(name, actual == expected, "-> got \(String(describing: actual)), want \(String(describing: expected))")
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}
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func hex(_ bytes: [UInt8]) -> String { bytes.map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joined() }
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func round2(_ v: Double) -> Double { (v * 100).rounded() / 100 }
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// MARK: 1 – AES-CTR gegen NIST SP 800-38A F.5.1
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print("AES-128-CTR (NIST SP 800-38A F.5.1)")
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let nistKey = "2b7e151628aed2a6abf7158809cf4f3c".hexBytes!
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let nistCounter = "f0f1f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9fafbfcfdfeff".hexBytes!
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let nistPlain = "6bc1bee22e409f96e93d7e117393172a".hexBytes!
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let nistCipher = AESCounterMode.crypt(nistPlain, key: nistKey, nonce: nistCounter)
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checkEqual("Block 1 stimmt mit dem Referenzvektor überein",
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nistCipher.map(hex), "874d6191b620e3261bef6864990db6ce")
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// MARK: 2 – BitReader
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print("\nBitReader")
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var reader = BitReader([0xB5, 0x03])
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checkEqual("read(3) liest die untersten Bits zuerst", reader.read(3), 5)
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checkEqual("read(5) setzt bitgenau fort", reader.read(5), 22)
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checkEqual("read(8) liest das zweite Byte", reader.read(8), 3)
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checkEqual("read hinter dem Ende liefert nil", reader.read(1), nil)
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var na = BitReader([0xFF, 0xFF])
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checkEqual("readOptional erkennt den NA-Wert", na.readOptional(16), nil)
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var signed = BitReader([0xFF, 0x7F, 0x9C, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF])
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checkEqual("readOptionalSigned erkennt 0x7FFF als NA", signed.readOptionalSigned(16), nil)
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checkEqual("readOptionalSigned dekodiert -100", signed.readOptionalSigned(16), -100)
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checkEqual("readOptionalSigned dekodiert -1", signed.readOptionalSigned(16), -1)
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// MARK: 3 – Victron Solarladeregler, kompletter Weg
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print("\nVictron Advertisement – Solarladeregler (0x01)")
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/// Packt Felder so, wie Victron sie sendet: LSB zuerst, ohne Byte-Ausrichtung.
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struct BitWriter {
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private var bits: [UInt8] = []
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mutating func write(_ value: UInt32, _ width: Int) {
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for i in 0..<width { bits.append(UInt8((value >> UInt32(i)) & 1)) }
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}
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var bytes: [UInt8] {
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var out = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: (bits.count + 7) / 8)
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for (index, bit) in bits.enumerated() where bit == 1 {
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out[index / 8] |= 1 << UInt8(index % 8)
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}
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return out
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}
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}
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let deviceKey = "aa112233445566778899aabbccddeeff".hexBytes!
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var writer = BitWriter()
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writer.write(3, 8) // Zustand: Bulk
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writer.write(0, 8) // kein Fehler
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writer.write(1345, 16) // 13,45 V
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writer.write(152, 16) // 15,2 A
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writer.write(234, 16) // 2,34 kWh
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writer.write(210, 16) // 210 W
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writer.write(0x1FF, 9) // Laststrom nicht verfügbar
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let plaintext = writer.bytes
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let nonce: UInt16 = 0x1234
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var counterBlock = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: 16)
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counterBlock[0] = UInt8(nonce & 0xFF)
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counterBlock[1] = UInt8(nonce >> 8)
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let encrypted = AESCounterMode.crypt(plaintext, key: deviceKey, nonce: counterBlock)!
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var advertisement: [UInt8] = [0xE1, 0x02, 0x10, 0x00, 0x4C, 0xA0, 0x01,
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UInt8(nonce & 0xFF), UInt8(nonce >> 8), deviceKey[0]]
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advertisement += encrypted
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let solar = try? VictronAdvertisement.decode(manufacturerData: Data(advertisement),
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key: deviceKey,
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deviceID: UUID(),
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rssi: -55)
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func value(_ snapshot: DeviceSnapshot?, _ key: String) -> Double? {
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snapshot?.metrics.first { $0.key == key }?.value
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}
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check("Advertisement wird dekodiert", solar != nil)
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checkEqual("Zustand als Klartext", solar?.state, "Konstantstrom (Bulk)")
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checkEqual("kein Fehler gemeldet", solar?.fault, nil)
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checkEqual("Batteriespannung", value(solar, "battery_voltage").map(round2), 13.45)
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checkEqual("Ladestrom", value(solar, "battery_current").map { ($0 * 10).rounded() / 10 }, 15.2)
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checkEqual("Tagesertrag", value(solar, "yield_today"), 2.34)
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checkEqual("PV-Leistung", value(solar, "pv_power"), 210)
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checkEqual("Laststrom bleibt leer (NA)", value(solar, "load_current"), nil)
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checkEqual("PV-Leistung ist der Hauptwert", solar?.primaryMetric?.key, "pv_power")
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var wrongKey = deviceKey; wrongKey[0] = 0x00
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do {
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_ = try VictronAdvertisement.decode(manufacturerData: Data(advertisement),
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key: wrongKey, deviceID: UUID(), rssi: nil)
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check("falscher Schlüssel wird abgewiesen", false)
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} catch {
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check("falscher Schlüssel wird abgewiesen", true)
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}
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// MARK: 4 – Victron Orion XS
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print("\nVictron Advertisement – Orion XS (0x0F)")
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var xsWriter = BitWriter()
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xsWriter.write(3, 8) // Bulk
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xsWriter.write(0, 8)
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xsWriter.write(1420, 16) // Ausgang 14,20 V
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xsWriter.write(180, 16) // 18,0 A
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xsWriter.write(1310, 16) // Eingang 13,10 V
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xsWriter.write(210, 16) // 21,0 A
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xsWriter.write(0x00000002, 32) // "Per Schalter ausgeschaltet"
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let xsPlain = xsWriter.bytes
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let xsEncrypted = AESCounterMode.crypt(xsPlain, key: deviceKey, nonce: counterBlock)!
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// Rahmen wie vom echten Orion XS: Produkt-ID 0xA3F0, Datensatztyp 0x0F.
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var xsAdvert: [UInt8] = [0xE1, 0x02, 0x10, 0x00, 0xF0, 0xA3, 0x0F,
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UInt8(nonce & 0xFF), UInt8(nonce >> 8), deviceKey[0]]
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xsAdvert += xsEncrypted
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let xs = try? VictronAdvertisement.decode(manufacturerData: Data(xsAdvert),
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key: deviceKey, deviceID: UUID(), rssi: nil)
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let xsEnvelope = VictronAdvertisement.envelope(from: Data(xsAdvert))
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checkEqual("Produkt-ID aus dem Rahmen", xsEnvelope?.productID, 0xA3F0)
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checkEqual("Datensatztyp aus dem Rahmen", xsEnvelope?.recordType, 0x0F)
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checkEqual("Nonce aus dem Rahmen", xsEnvelope?.nonce, nonce)
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checkEqual("Prüfbyte aus dem Rahmen", xsEnvelope?.keyCheckByte, deviceKey[0])
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checkEqual("Nutzdaten sind 14 Byte lang", xsEnvelope?.ciphertext.count, 14)
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checkEqual("Ausgangsspannung", value(xs, "output_voltage").map(round2), 14.20)
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checkEqual("Ladestrom", value(xs, "output_current").map { ($0 * 10).rounded() / 10 }, 18.0)
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checkEqual("Eingangsspannung", value(xs, "input_voltage").map(round2), 13.10)
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checkEqual("Ladeleistung wird gerechnet", value(xs, "output_power").map { ($0).rounded() }, 256)
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checkEqual("Abschaltgrund im Klartext", xs?.offReasons.first, "Per Schalter ausgeschaltet")
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// MARK: 4b – Echtes Advertisement eines Orion XS
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// Aus der Diagnoseansicht der App abgelesen. Ohne Schlüssel lässt sich der
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// Inhalt nicht prüfen, wohl aber der Rahmen – und genau dort war der Fehler.
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print("\nVictron Advertisement – echter Rahmen vom Gerät")
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let realFrame = "E1 02 10 00 F0 A3 0F 17 28 3C 81 9C 8F 42 FC 94 5F 4D 59 C9 F8 73 DB 48".hexBytes!
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let realEnvelope = VictronAdvertisement.envelope(from: Data(realFrame))
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check("wird als Victron erkannt", realEnvelope != nil)
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checkEqual("Datensatztyp ist Orion XS", realEnvelope?.recordType, 0x0F)
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checkEqual("Produkt-ID", realEnvelope?.productID, 0xA3F0)
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checkEqual("Nonce", realEnvelope?.nonce, 0x2817)
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checkEqual("Prüfbyte des Schlüssels", realEnvelope?.keyCheckByte, 0x3C)
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checkEqual("Nutzdaten passen genau auf einen Orion-XS-Datensatz",
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realEnvelope?.ciphertext.count, 14)
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// MARK: 5 – Daly, klassisches Protokoll
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print("\nDaly A5-Protokoll")
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let request = [UInt8](DalyProtocol.requestFrame(.soc))
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checkEqual("Anfragerahmen ist 13 Byte lang", request.count, 13)
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checkEqual("Prüfsumme der Anfrage", request.last, 0xBD)
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/// Baut eine Antwort so, wie das BMS sie schickt.
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func dalyResponse(command: UInt8, payload: [UInt8]) -> [UInt8] {
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var frame: [UInt8] = [0xA5, 0x01, command, 0x08] + payload
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frame.append(frame.reduce(0) { UInt8(($0 &+ $1) & 0xFF) })
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return frame
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}
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// 13,42 V · 25,0 A Ladung · 87,5 %
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let socPayload: [UInt8] = [0x00, 0x86, 0x00, 0x86, 0x76, 0x2A, 0x03, 0x6B]
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// 30000 + 250 = 30250 = 0x765A -> +25,0 A ; SOC 875 = 0x036B -> 87,5 %
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var stream = dalyResponse(command: 0x90, payload: socPayload)
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stream += dalyResponse(command: 0x91, payload: [0x0D, 0x12, 0x03, 0x0C, 0xFE, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00])
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stream += dalyResponse(command: 0x92, payload: [0x40, 0x01, 0x3E, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00])
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stream += dalyResponse(command: 0x95, payload: [0x01, 0x0C, 0xFE, 0x0D, 0x00, 0x0D, 0x12, 0x00])
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let (frames, remainder) = DalyProtocol.extractA5Frames(from: stream)
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checkEqual("alle vier Rahmen erkannt", frames.count, 4)
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checkEqual("nichts bleibt übrig", remainder.count, 0)
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var state = DalyState()
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for frame in frames { state.apply(frame) }
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let bms = state.snapshot(deviceID: UUID(), rssi: nil)
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func bmsValue(_ key: String) -> Double? { bms.metrics.first { $0.key == key }?.value }
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checkEqual("Gesamtspannung", bmsValue("voltage").map { ($0 * 100).rounded() / 100 }, 13.4)
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checkEqual("Strom mit Offset 30000", bmsValue("current").map { ($0 * 10).rounded() / 10 }, 25.0)
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checkEqual("Ladezustand", bmsValue("soc").map { ($0 * 10).rounded() / 10 }, 87.5)
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checkEqual("Zell-Differenz in mV", bmsValue("cell_delta"), 20)
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checkEqual("höchste Zelle", bmsValue("cell_max"), 3.346)
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checkEqual("Temperatur", bmsValue("temp_max"), 24)
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checkEqual("Zustand aus dem Strom abgeleitet", bms.state, "Lädt")
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checkEqual("drei Zellspannungen aus Rahmen 0x95", bms.cellVoltages.count, 3)
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// Halber Rahmen am Ende muss aufgehoben werden.
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let partial = Array(stream.prefix(13 + 6))
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let (someFrames, rest) = DalyProtocol.extractA5Frames(from: partial)
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checkEqual("vollständiger Rahmen wird ausgewertet", someFrames.count, 1)
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check("angefangener Rahmen bleibt im Puffer", rest.count >= 6)
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// Kaputte Prüfsumme darf nicht durchrutschen.
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var corrupted = dalyResponse(command: 0x90, payload: socPayload)
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corrupted[12] ^= 0xFF
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checkEqual("falsche Prüfsumme wird verworfen",
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DalyProtocol.extractA5Frames(from: corrupted).frames.count, 0)
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// MARK: 6 – Daly Modbus
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print("\nDaly Modbus-Protokoll")
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let modbusRequest = [UInt8](DalyProtocol.modbusReadFrame())
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checkEqual("Anfrage beginnt korrekt", Array(modbusRequest.prefix(6)), [0xD2, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3E])
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print(" CRC16 der Anfrage: \(hex(Array(modbusRequest.suffix(2))))")
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// Antwort mit vier Zellen und einem Temperaturfühler bauen.
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var registers = [UInt16](repeating: 0, count: 62)
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registers[0] = 3320; registers[1] = 3325; registers[2] = 3318; registers[3] = 3330
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registers[48] = 64 // 24 °C
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registers[56] = 133 // 13,3 V
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registers[57] = 29750 // -25,0 A
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registers[58] = 642 // 64,2 %
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var body: [UInt8] = [0xD2, 0x03, UInt8(registers.count * 2)]
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for register in registers { body.append(UInt8(register >> 8)); body.append(UInt8(register & 0xFF)) }
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let responseCRC = DalyProtocol.crc16Modbus(body)
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body.append(UInt8(responseCRC & 0xFF)); body.append(UInt8(responseCRC >> 8))
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let parsed = DalyProtocol.parseModbusResponse(body)
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checkEqual("62 Register gelesen", parsed?.count, 62)
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var modbusState = DalyState()
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modbusState.apply(registers: parsed ?? [])
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let modbusSnapshot = modbusState.snapshot(deviceID: UUID(), rssi: nil)
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func modbusValue(_ key: String) -> Double? { modbusSnapshot.metrics.first { $0.key == key }?.value }
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checkEqual("nur belegte Zellen zählen", modbusSnapshot.cellVoltages.count, 4)
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checkEqual("Spannung", modbusValue("voltage").map { ($0 * 10).rounded() / 10 }, 13.3)
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checkEqual("Entladestrom ist negativ", modbusValue("current").map { ($0 * 10).rounded() / 10 }, -25.0)
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checkEqual("Ladezustand", modbusValue("soc").map { ($0 * 10).rounded() / 10 }, 64.2)
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checkEqual("Zell-Differenz", modbusValue("cell_delta"), 12)
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checkEqual("Zustand aus negativem Strom", modbusSnapshot.state, "Entlädt")
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var truncated = body; truncated.removeLast(30)
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checkEqual("unvollständige Antwort wird nicht ausgewertet",
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DalyProtocol.parseModbusResponse(truncated) == nil, true)
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var badCRC = body; badCRC[body.count - 1] ^= 0xFF
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checkEqual("falscher CRC wird verworfen",
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DalyProtocol.parseModbusResponse(badCRC) == nil, true)
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// MARK: 7 – JBD / Xiaoxiang (WattCycle)
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print("\nJBD-Protokoll")
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let jbdRequest = [UInt8](JBDProtocol.requestFrame(.basicInfo))
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checkEqual("Anfragerahmen Basisinfo", jbdRequest, [0xDD, 0xA5, 0x03, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFD, 0x77])
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checkEqual("Anfragerahmen Zellspannungen",
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[UInt8](JBDProtocol.requestFrame(.cellVoltages)),
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[0xDD, 0xA5, 0x04, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFC, 0x77])
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/// Baut eine Antwort, wie das BMS sie schickt.
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func jbdResponse(command: UInt8, payload: [UInt8]) -> [UInt8] {
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let body: [UInt8] = [0x00, UInt8(payload.count)] + payload
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let sum = JBDProtocol.checksum(over: body)
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return [0xDD, command] + body + [UInt8(sum >> 8), UInt8(sum & 0xFF), 0x77]
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}
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// 13,25 V · -12,80 A (Entladung) · 88 % · 4 Zellen · 1 Fühler bei 23,0 °C
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var basic: [UInt8] = []
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basic += [0x05, 0x2D] // 1325 -> 13,25 V
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basic += [0xFB, 0x00] // -1280 -> -12,80 A
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basic += [0x44, 0xC0] // 17600 -> 176,00 Ah Rest
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basic += [0x4E, 0x20] // 20000 -> 200,00 Ah nominal
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basic += [0x00, 0x2A] // 42 Zyklen
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basic += [0x00, 0x00] // Produktionsdatum
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basic += [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00] // Balancer
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basic += [0x00, 0x00] // keine Schutzabschaltung
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basic += [0x16] // Softwareversion
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basic += [0x58] // 88 %
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basic += [0x03] // beide MOSFET an
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basic += [0x04] // 4 Zellen
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basic += [0x01] // 1 Fühler
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basic += [0x0B, 0x99] // 2969 -> (2969-2731)/10 = 23,8 °C
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let cells: [UInt8] = [0x0C, 0xFE, 0x0D, 0x12, 0x0D, 0x00, 0x0C, 0xF8]
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var jbdStream = jbdResponse(command: 0x03, payload: basic)
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jbdStream += jbdResponse(command: 0x04, payload: cells)
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let (jbdFrames, jbdRest) = JBDProtocol.extractFrames(from: jbdStream)
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checkEqual("beide Rahmen erkannt", jbdFrames.count, 2)
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checkEqual("nichts bleibt übrig", jbdRest.count, 0)
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var jbd = JBDState()
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for frame in jbdFrames { jbd.apply(frame) }
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let jbdSnapshot = jbd.snapshot(deviceID: UUID(), rssi: nil)
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func jbdValue(_ key: String) -> Double? { jbdSnapshot.metrics.first { $0.key == key }?.value }
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checkEqual("Spannung", jbdValue("voltage").map(round2), 13.25)
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checkEqual("Entladestrom ist negativ", jbdValue("current").map(round2), -12.80)
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checkEqual("Ladezustand", jbdValue("soc"), 88)
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checkEqual("Restkapazität", jbdValue("capacity").map(round2), 176.0)
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checkEqual("Nennkapazität", jbdValue("capacity_nominal").map(round2), 200.0)
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checkEqual("Ladezyklen", jbdValue("cycles"), 42)
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checkEqual("Temperatur aus Zehntel-Kelvin", jbdSnapshot.temperatures.first.map(round2), 23.8)
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checkEqual("vier Zellspannungen", jbdSnapshot.cellVoltages.count, 4)
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checkEqual("höchste Zelle", jbdValue("cell_max"), 3.346)
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checkEqual("Zell-Differenz", jbdValue("cell_delta"), 26)
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checkEqual("Zustand aus negativem Strom", jbdSnapshot.state, "Entlädt")
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checkEqual("keine Störung gemeldet", jbdSnapshot.fault, nil)
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// Schutzabschaltung und gesperrte MOSFET
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var tripped = basic
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tripped[16] = 0x00; tripped[17] = 0x02 // Zellunterspannung
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tripped[20] = 0x01 // nur Laden erlaubt
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var trippedState = JBDState()
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for frame in JBDProtocol.extractFrames(from: jbdResponse(command: 0x03, payload: tripped)).frames {
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trippedState.apply(frame)
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}
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let trippedSnapshot = trippedState.snapshot(deviceID: UUID(), rssi: nil)
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checkEqual("Schutzabschaltung im Klartext", trippedSnapshot.fault, "Zellunterspannung")
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checkEqual("gesperrtes Entladen wird gemeldet", trippedSnapshot.offReasons.first, "Entladen gesperrt")
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// Kaputte Prüfsumme und angefangene Rahmen
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var brokenJBD = jbdResponse(command: 0x03, payload: basic)
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brokenJBD[brokenJBD.count - 2] ^= 0xFF
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checkEqual("falsche Prüfsumme wird verworfen",
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JBDProtocol.extractFrames(from: brokenJBD).frames.count, 0)
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let halfJBD = Array(jbdStream.prefix(jbdStream.count - 4))
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checkEqual("nur der vollständige Rahmen wird ausgewertet",
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JBDProtocol.extractFrames(from: halfJBD).frames.count, 1)
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print(failures == 0 ? "\nAlle Prüfungen bestanden." : "\n\(failures) Prüfung(en) fehlgeschlagen.")
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exit(failures == 0 ? 0 : 1)
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